6. LONG-TERM DEBT AND COMMON STOCK WARRANT LIABILITY

Long-Term Debt

Senior Secured Notes. On February 2, 2018, the Company sold $100 million of senior secured notes due 2024 (the “Original Notes”) to qualified institutional buyers. The Notes were issued on the same day at 98% of their face value (a 2% original issue discount). Proceeds from the Notes were used to (i) pay fees and expenses incurred in connection with the debt offering; (ii) refinance the entire amounts outstanding under the First and Second Lien Credit Facilities; (iii) provide ongoing working capital; and (iv) provide funds for capital expenditures and for general corporate purposes. As of February 2, 2018, immediately prior to the issuance of the Notes, we had approximately $41 million outstanding under the First Lien Credit Facility and $55 million outstanding under the Second Lien Credit Facility, which were extinguished at a loss of $2.7 million, reflecting the call premiums on such debt and the write-off of related unamortized debt issuance costs.

On May 10, 2019, the Company entered into a Notes Purchase Agreement under which it agreed to sell an additional $10 million in aggregate principal amount of its senior secured notes due 2024 (the “Incremental Notes”) to qualified institutional buyers. The Company has used or expects to use the proceeds from the Incremental Notes to (i) provide additional liquidity for the construction of the Phase One parking garage at Bronco Billy’s Casino and Hotel and other capital expenditures; (ii) pay fees and expenses incurred in connection with the Incremental Notes offering; and (iii) provide funds for general corporate purposes. The Incremental Notes were issued on the same day at a price of 99.01% of their face value (a 0.99% original issue discount) pursuant to the indenture (as amended and supplemented, the “Indenture”), dated as of February 2, 2018. The Indenture governs the $100 million of Original Notes previously issued by the Company on February 2, 2018. The Incremental Notes have the same maturity date and interest rate as the Original Notes, are part of the same series as the Original Notes, and are treated as a single class together with the Original Notes (collectively, the “Notes”) for all purposes under the Indenture.

Also, on May 10, 2019, the Company executed the Second Amendment to the Indenture dated as of May 10, 2019, which (i) increased the principal amount required to be redeemed each quarter from $250,000 to $275,000 in total aggregate of the Notes, beginning June 30, 2019; (ii) permitted liens incurred in connection with the Cripple Creek Expansion Project; and (iii) changed the total leverage ratio as described in the Indenture and below under “Covenants.”

The Notes bear interest at the greater of the three-month London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) or 1.0%, plus a margin rate of 7.0%. Interest on the Notes is payable quarterly in arrears, on March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31 of each year until the Notes mature on February 2, 2024. On each interest payment date, the Company is required to make principal payments of $275,000 with a balloon payment for the remaining $103.5 million due upon maturity.

The Company may redeem all or a part of the Notes plus the premium as set forth below, plus accrued and applicable unpaid interest:

 

The Notes are collateralized by substantially all of our assets and are guaranteed by all of our material subsidiaries.

Prior Credit Facilities. The First Lien Credit Facility was due to mature in May 2019 and included quarterly principal payments as defined and interest based on the greater of the elected LIBOR (as defined) or 1.0%, plus a margin rate of 4.25%. The Second Lien Credit Facility was due to mature in November 2019 with all principal due at maturity, included interest at 13.5% and had a prepayment premium of 2% immediately prior to the refinancing. As discussed above, both the First Lien Credit Facility and the Second Lien Credit Facility were refinanced in February 2018 in their entirety through the issuance of the Original Notes due 2024.

Long-term debt, related discounts and issuance costs consisted of the following:

 

Maturities of Long-Term Debt.  Future maturities under the Notes is as follows:

 

Covenants. The indenture governing the Notes contains customary representations and warranties, events of default, and positive and negative covenants, including financial covenants. The Company is required to maintain a total leverage ratio (as defined below), which measures Consolidated EBITDA (as defined in the indenture) against outstanding debt. The Company is allowed to deduct up to $15 million of its cash and equivalents (beyond estimated cash utilized in daily operations) in calculating the numerator of such ratio.

 

We were in compliance with our financial covenants as of December 31, 2019. However, there can be no assurances that we will remain in compliance with all covenants in the future and/or that we would be successful in obtaining waivers or modifications in the event of noncompliance.

Interest Rate Cap Agreement. In April 2018, the Company purchased an Interest Rate Cap from Capital One, N.A. (“Capital One”) for $238,000 in order to manage expected interest rate increases on the Notes. The agreement is for a notional amount of $50 million and expires on March 31, 2021. The Interest Rate Cap has a strike rate of 3.00% and resets every three months at the end of March, June, September, and December. If the three-month LIBOR exceeds the strike rate at the end of any covered period, the Company will receive cash payments from Capital One.

Based on fair value measurements using Level 2 inputs (see Note 2), the Company adjusts the carrying value of the Interest Rate Cap quarterly. Since the Company did not elect for hedge accounting, any adjustments to the carrying value between reporting periods are charged to interest expense on the consolidated statement of operations (see Note 12).

Common Stock Warrant Liability

As part of the Second Lien Credit Facility, the Company granted the second lien lenders 1,006,568 warrants. The warrants have an exercise price of $1.67 (the average trading price of the Company’s common stock during a 60‑day period bracketing the completion of the financing) and expire on May 13, 2026. The warrants also provide the warrant holders with redemption rights, pre-emptive rights under certain circumstances to maintain their percentage of ownership in the Company, piggyback registration rights and mandatory registration rights after two years. In addition to a refinancing, the redemption rights allow the warrant holders, at their option, to require the Company to repurchase all or a portion of the warrants upon the occurrence of certain events, including: (i) a liquidity event, as defined in the warrant purchase agreement, or (ii) the Company’s insolvency. The repurchase value is the 21‑day average price of the Company’s stock at the time of such liquidity event, net of the warrant exercise price. If the redemption rights are exercised, the repurchase amount is payable by the Company in cash or through the issuance of an unsecured note with a four-year term and a minimum interest rate of 13.25%, as further defined in the warrant purchase agreement, and would be guaranteed by the Company’s subsidiaries. Alternatively, the warrant-holders may choose to have the Company register and sell the shares related to the warrants through a public stock offering.

The extinguishment of the Second Lien Credit Facility discussed previously is considered a “triggering event” for the possible redemption or registration of the warrants, as further detailed below. The Company’s warrant-holders have not yet requested the redemption or registration of their outstanding warrants, though they may do so on any six-month anniversary of the refinancing date prior to warrant expiration. Accordingly, the obligation is reflected as a current liability as of December 31, 2019 (see Note 12).

The Company measures the fair value of the warrants at each reporting period using Level 3 inputs (see Note 2). Due to the variable terms regarding the timing of the settlement of the warrants, the Company utilized a “Monte Carlo” simulation approach to measure the fair value of the warrants. The simulation included certain estimates by Company management regarding the estimated timing of the settlement of the warrants. Significant increases or decreases in those management estimates would result in a significantly higher or lower fair value measurement. At December 31, 2019, the simulation included the following assumptions:  an expected contractual term of 6.37 years, an expected stock price volatility rate of 46.87%, an expected dividend yield of 0%, and an expected risk-free interest rate of 1.79%. The Company also used the Monte Carlo simulation approach for its valuation at December 31, 2018, which included the following assumptions:  an expected contractual term of 7.37 years, an expected stock price volatility rate of 43.26%, an expected dividend yield of 0%, and an expected risk-free interest rate of 2.64%. The Company recognized $1.2 million of other non-operating expense in 2019 and $1.7 million of other non-operating income during 2018, associated with changes in the fair value of the warrant liability.